Albert Camus’ “The Stranger” Essay

In Camus’ The Stranger, the creator uncovered a strain among society and the protagonist’s point of view of society. The peruser comes to comprehend the pointlessness of presence through the protagonist’s focal point. Despite the fact that society characterizes individuals by activities, Meursault rejects thoughts of order and grasps an agnostic perspective on life. This judgment passed on people depends on an individual’s activities. Meursault understands that everything that lives must kick the bucket, in this manner regardless of what one does throughout everyday life, one is as yet bound to a similar destiny that every other person is. Meursault settles on the entirety of his choices dependent on his idea that his activities are immaterial on the grounds that regardless of how society orders him, he will at present kick the bucket. It is Meursault’s express dismissal of everything nonsensical that different him from his individual man and make h im a â€Å"stranger†. The way that Meursault doesn’t cry at his own mother’s burial service exhibits how Meursault is disengaged from the typical human feelings of sorrow that generally go with death. Meursault isn't even certain when his mom kicked the bucket. â€Å"Maman kicked the bucket today. Or on the other hand yesterday perhaps, I don’t know†(3). He appears to see the remainder of humankind as the â€Å"others,† as though he is an insignificant onlooker as opposed to a piece of mankind that he was naturally introduced to. For instance, the picture of the old individuals assembled around the guardian â€Å"nodding their heads† at Meursault evokes the sentiment of vultures reviewing their prey. Indeed, even Meursault himself feels â€Å"that they were there to judge†(10). His conduct just strengthens this division as he gets himself incapable to partake in the passionate association and experience of the vigil. For example, when one of the ladies begins to cry, his solitary reaction to the delicate showcase of adoration is, â€Å"I wish I didn’t need to hear her out anymore†(10). He doesn't identify with nor comprehend the woman’s humanityâ€as on the off chance that he were a â€Å"stranger† to the basic components of being human. Besides, when the vigil closes and the older companions leave they shake his hand, a motion to which he jokingly thinks â€Å"†¦as if that night †¦ had by one way or another brought us closer together† (12). This mockery underscores how absolutely segregated he feels from the remainder of the world. In the wake of coming back from the memorial service for his mom, Meursault truly exhibits an incredible unimportance. What might be moreâ boring and good for nothing than strolling around your loft for some time? This section is intriguing on the grounds that it gives the peruser an uncommon look at reflection about his mom. Indeed, even here, however, it is at last egotistical in nature. Since his mom is gone, he feels that his condo is too enormous for him. He despite everything needs regret or anguish, however he’s acknowledging how his mother’s demise influences him: conceptually and genuinely. The way that Meursault thinks the condo is too huge for just him represents his aloneness. Similarly as the loft is too huge and he lives just in one little part, the world is too huge, and he is on a very basic level alone. By executing the Arab, Meursault demonstrates that his activities characterize him, and regardless of whether society marks him as a killer, it doesn't make a difference since he is going to bite the dust at any rate. The homicide of the Arab happens at the peak of the story and it makes the peruser wonder why Meursault has no regret. He knows about what he is doing and knows that it isn't right, anyway he does it at any rate. A great many people would mind on the off chance that they shot another man, yet since he has no considerations, he does it without any concerns or regret. â€Å"If the other one moves in, or on the off chance that he draws his blade, I’ll let him have it† (56). This second specifically is a case of his withdrew, detached, and crazy nature. He offers to murder so impassively that it shows no ethical position at all. He’s so intellectually confined that the idea of homicide represents no extraordinary feeling or even dreaded regret. Meursault begins to interrogate why he should mind regarding his life before he kicks the bucket. He doesn't address what things would make his life beneficial, however he addresses why he ought to try and question the things that would profit his life. â€Å"As far as should have been obvious, it didn’t have anything to do with me†(69). This accentuates the point that Meursault is unequivocally disconnected from society and his and other peoples’ joy. All Meursault knows is that it does not merit his chance to stress over characterizing things as fortunate or unfortunate since he will kick the bucket paying little heed to his arrangement. Meursault is gotten some information about feelings and emotions he doesn’t have or care to have. Meursault is irritated on the grounds that this is each of the a useless assessment into something that will apparently carry no genuine end to anything, since life is ludicrous. Meursault made certain around one thingâ€death. He was certain he would pass on, much the same as everybody else. â€Å"But I made certain about me, about everything, surer than he would ever be, certain about my life and certain about the demise I had sitting tight for me† (120). In his demise, Meursault at long last turns out to be a piece of the standard society, alongside every other person. The main assurance in life is passing. Meursault would kick the bucket whether or not he slaughtered the Arab or not. Meursault has arrived at the understanding that his life isn't influenced by his activities; it is just influenced by his inescapable passing. Meursault legitimizes his activities with his aloofness. Whatever he has done in his life couldn't spare him from his demise. Meursault’s enthusiastic separation and detach from ordinary feelings make him an alien to humankind.

Soap History Essays - Chemistry, Cleaning, Hygiene, Personal Life

Cleanser History The vast majority washed themselves with just a single basic thing at that point, water. This, obviously, occurred until the improvement of cleanser in 2800 B.C. The cleanser was found in mud chambers during the removal of old Babylon. There were engravings found on the chambers, which gave us that fats were bubbled with cinders, which was the strategy for making the cleanser as of now. Records have demonstrated that Egyptians washed normally. There was a clinical record found called The Ebers Papyrus which portrayed the consolidating of creature and vegetable oils with basic salts to frame cleanser like material. These were utilized for treating skin maladies and washing. At around this time, Moses gave the Israelites explicit laws about close to home neatness. He related tidiness to wellbeing and strict purging. The early Greeks washed for imaginative reasons. Rather than washing with cleanser, they washed themselves with squares of mud, sand, pumice, and remains. At that point they blessed themselves with oil and scratched off the oil and earth with a strigil. They washed their garments in the streams without utilizing cleanser. As indicated by an old Roman legend, cleanser got its name from Mount Sapo where creatures were yielded. At the point when it had downpour, the water washed away the creature fat and wood cinders down into the dirt soil along the Tiber River. Ladies had discovered this mud blend and it made their wash a lot of more clean. Cleanser making was a well known art in Europe by the seventeenth century. Vegetable and creature oils were utilized with cinders of plants and aroma. More varities of cleanser bit by bit became accessible for shaving and washing hair, just as washing and washing garments. Italy, Spain, and France were the early focuses of cleanser fabricating. The English started making cleanser during the twelfth century. The science of the cleanser fabricating remained the equivalent until 1916 when the main engineered cleanser was created in Germany. Engineered cleansers are non-cleanser washing and cleaning items that are blended. Family unit cleanser items got known in the United States around the 1930s. It is critical to comprehend the essential information on cleanser and cleanser science. Water has a property called surface strain. In water, other water atoms encompass every particle, except at the surface, other water atoms just on the waterside encompass those atoms. A pressure is made as the surface atoms are maneuvered into the waterway. This pressure makes the water globule up by all accounts, which hinders the cleaning procedure. During the cleaning procedure, surface strain must be diminished so the water can spread and wet surfaces. Synthetic compounds that do this are called surface-dynamic specialists. The surface-dynamic specialists perform numerous significant employments in cleaning. They are characterized by their ionic properties in water. These properties are anionic which implies a negative charge, nonionic which implies no charge, cationic which means having a positive charge, and amphoteric which means having either a positive or negative charge. Cleansers are water-dissolvable sodium or potassium salts of unsaturated fats. The fats and oils utilized in cleanser making are comprised of an extraordinary blend of a few unique triglycerides. In a triglyceride atom, 3 unsaturated fat particles are joined to one atom of glycerine. Unsaturated fats are the system of fats and oils that are utilized in cleanser. They are feeble acids of two sections, which are a carboxylic corrosive gathering and a hydrocarbon fasten joined to the carboxylic corrosive gathering.

Essay Sample on Community Its Definition, Development and Types

Exposition Sample on Community Its Definition, Development and Types For instance, Robert Park, one of the main American Sociologists to characterize the term expressed, The basic attributes of a network, so considered are those of: (1) a populace regionally sorted out, (2) pretty much totally established in the dirt it involves, (3) its individual units living in a relationship of common interdependence(Lyons, p. 5). Rather than this, Minar and Greer characterized a network with the goal that it might incorporate an enormous partnership, Kuhn said that a network might be a casual expert gathering, for example, mainstream researchers, and Nisbet expressed that an even a philosophical and mental duty to common ways of life could be viewed as network (Lyons 1999). While these might be satisfactory meanings of network to one individual, a few or all might be totally unsatisfactory to another person. In my concentrating of network, I would characterize it likewise with Park. Network, as I would like to think, can be characterized as a gathering of individ uals inside a little region (for the most part littler than a city or town), who share basic social ties or have basic social objectives, and who have communication among one another. When considering network advancement, one must break down what at present exists and afterward attempt to make ways for development or upgrade. In this manner, I accept that the most ideal approach to do that is to improve network into perhaps the littlest viewpoint without being tight to the point that youre just examining people or individuals with no normal binds on which to look at. What's more, advancement inside a network is regularly a thorough procedure and in this manner can't concentrate on excessively huge of a zone or gathering on the double. In the event that it does as such, at that point one end or fragment of the city or town is frequently not considered as significant of a zone. Besides, what might be the objective of one part of the town might be absolutely disappointing to different portions, which could cause numerous issues if every network inside a town is compelled to create among a similar regular lines. The most well-known subject among meanings of network is that it comprises of individuals. Another subject that is normal is that there must be some kind of regular bind to hold the individuals together. In every one of the above definitions this is valid. Robert Park talked about a common association, which is a lot of like the social ties or objectives that I use. In Minar and Greers huge partnership, the normal tie is the kind of business that the organization identifies with or completes. In Kuhns academic network, science or maybe logical ideal models is the normal tie. Nisbets philosophical or mental promise to collective ways of life could possibly be a physical tie yet shares the mutual way of life as a typical subject or bond. In every one of the three last meanings of network, it appears that the main tie that holds them together is that of individuals and a mutual or basic tie. While these are immensely significant characteristics of network, they can't remain solitary to read network advancement for some reasons. Examination is significant in contemplating network. Subsequently, it is hard to consider an examination of an organization, mainstream researchers, and philosophical duties to mutual ways of life for the reason or network improvement. The three are for all intents and purposes totally free and have no ties other than they each offer individuals and inside every specific gathering, share regular ties. Additionally, Ferdinand Tonnies ideas of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft have for quite some time been and keep on being one of the most valuable thoughts utilized for considering and looking at networks and network advancement. While a few people may consider Minar and Greer, Kuhn, and Nisbets thoughts as a network or kind of network, it is hard to envision how contemplating an examination of each of these could have any helpful bearing on network improvement, particularly as far as Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft. At long last, individuals inside networks must have collaboration for a network to exist. While the cooperation might be genuinely inconsequential among specific people groups inside the network there should be significant sums among most individuals. For instance, in a bigger, cutting edge neighborhood, if each house was loaded up with center pay, school graduates, each wedded with two youngsters who are generally a similar age and whose kids all go to similar schools (giving a social tie or association among every family living in the area) there still could be no network among the area if there was no collaboration among any of the individuals who live there. Without the association, each eventual outsiders living among themselves, and in doing so would remove the network perspective. Robert Parks meaning of network is undeniably more characterizing and comprehensive than any of the different past definitions talked about above, in any case, I dont completely concur with him either. The second piece of his definition referenced being dominatingly established in the dirt. While Im not exactly sure whether he implied established as in being brought up there or established as in simply living there, I will expect that he was utilizing the first or the two. On the off chance that you take a gander at a similar enormous neighborhood referenced above yet with a couple of changes, I think Ill have the option to come to my meaningful conclusion all the more clear. In that area, if similar individuals lived there with the entirety of similar qualities, aside from that there was an elevated level of social communication among the grown-ups and kids, it would be very conceivable to think about the area as a network. Taking the model further, if inside the area, there was a r ecreation center, practice office, pool, neighborhood accommodation store, and so forth., and there was common keeping an eye on specific individuals for the littler youngsters and carpooling to class for the more established kids, it would turn out to be bound to think about this as a network. In that, if there were roughly 100 houses in which half were involved for quite a while, another 20 were involved for around a few years, 20 for around one year, and the other 10 had gotten involved inside the last a few months, there is actually no feeling of roots among a large number of the individuals, anyway there is still a sufficient framework set up for the network to exist and proceed. Additionally, every individual from the network or neighborhood may be from various pieces of the nation or if nothing else from various urban communities and are in this manner don't have family or memorable roots inside the network. In truth, the above model is totally theoretical, yet there are comparative neighborhoods springing up all over rural America. Regardless of whether any of these areas meet any of the joined credits to be a network, I don't know since I have not done a particular examinations, anyway I feel that there most likely are some out there. While the facts confirm that a wide range of definitions for network exist, I accept that to contemplate network and network improvement the best definition is a gathering of individuals inside a little territory (for the most part littler than a city or town), who share normal social ties or shared objectives, and who have cooperation among one another.

Paper Service Online - Why You Should Opt For the One With A Free Trial

Paper Service Online - Why You Should Opt For the One With A Free TrialPaper service online provides two major types of digital documents. In the first type, you can choose to store your digital documents on paper only. The second type has the option of storing them on digital media like CDs, DVDs, and more.In the first type of paper service, you can upload your files to a third party by submitting them via email or downloading them from a web site. You can get a printout if you are very happy with the document you have submitted. Most of the third party web sites charge by the page, the same way as the free paper service. Therefore, it is advisable that you do not pay more than a few dollars for a single document.The second type of paper online service is the one where you can have printouts delivered to your home. This type of service can be very convenient because it saves you the hassle of transferring them into an electronic file. However, the advantage of this type of service i s that you can upload your files only from your computer, whereas the first type of service is the one where you can either print or download them from the internet.In addition, the second type of paper service is very expensive, especially if you want to have printouts. Although you can take advantage of the free printout services provided by some of the third party websites, but you will be paying the fees for printing every time you have to print something.Even if you do not print anything, you can have the local newspaper delivered to your house. Another option is to have your utilities delivered to your house, even though they are costly.In addition, the free paper service provided by some of the third party web sites can sometimes cost more than buying your own office supplies. Moreover, there are no guarantees on quality of service and its reliability. Thatis why, when you are going to use the online service, it is very important that you do your homework in order to make sur e that it will be a good experience for you.In the meantime, if you have seen any service that seems familiar, and it is also convenient, then it is best to try it out. Also, if you feel uneasy about the terms and conditions, you can always just decline the service.

Was Varinia the Wife of Spartacus

In Spartacus, the famous 1960 movie, Spartacus had a wife named Varinia, but there is speculation as to whether or not he was actually married. In 73 B.C., Spartacus—a Thracian slave—escaped from a gladiatorial school in Capua. According to Appians Civil Wars, Spartacus persuaded about seventy of his comrades to strike for their own freedom rather than for the amusement of spectators. They fled to Mount Vesuvius—the same volcano that later erupted to bury Pompeii—and accumulated 70,000 men to create an army. Those men were discontented slaves and freedmen. Rome sent military leaders to deal with Spartacus and his friends, but the former gladiator had turned his forces into an effective war machine. It wasnt until the following year, when Spartacuss army numbered about 120,000, that his fiercest opponent, Marcus Licinius Crassus, a distinguished among the Romans for birth and wealth, assumed the praetorship and marched against Spartacus with six new legions. Spartacus defeated Crassus, but the latters forces eventually turned the tables and decimated Spartacuss. Writes Appian, So great was the slaughter that it was impossible to count them. The Roman loss was about 1000. The body of Spartacus was not found. In the midst of all this, Crassus and Pompey the Great were battling for who would get the glory of winning this war. The two were eventually elected co-consuls in 70 B.C. Plutarch and Spartacus Marriage Varinia is the name novelist Howard Fast invented for the wife of Spartacus. She was called Sura in the recent TV series Spartacus: Blood and Sand. We dont know for sure that Spartacus was married, let alone what her name was—although Plutarch does say Spartacus was married to a Thracian. In his Life of Crassus, Plutarch writes, The first of these was Spartacus, a Thracian of Nomadic stock, possessed not only of great courage and strength, but also in sagacity and culture superior to his fortune, and more Hellenic than Thracian. It is said that when he was first brought to Rome to be sold, a serpent was seen coiled about his face as he slept, and his wife, who was of the same tribe as Spartacus, a prophetess, and subject to visitations of the Dionysiac frenzy, declared it the sign of a great and formidable power which would attend him to a fortunate issue. This woman shared in his escape and was then living with him. The Prophetic Wife The only ancient evidence we have for Spartacuss wife dubs her a fellow Thracian who had prophetic powers that she used to indicate her husband would be a hero. In epic poems of the time, mystical signs often marked great heroes of mythology. If Spartacus wife existed, it would make sense that she would try to elevate her husband into this elite category. The Wall Street Journal classicist, Barry Strauss, elaborates on the possibility of Spartacuss wife and her mythological significance in building up the hero myth around her husband. Its possible he was married—even if it wasnt legal—but sadly, she likely met the same fate as her husbands followers. Edited by Carly Silver

An Affair to Remember - 2181 Words

An Affair to Remember Their romance began with â€Å"The Train Journey†, that beautiful wartime film about the consequences of forbidden love. The cinema was a tad unclean; some of the seats were soiled and the screen curtain was torn in places. These faded red and ripped curtains parted before Sebastian K. Day’s eyes, as if he were Moses, and they were the Red Sea. When the screen was fully exposed, the film began. The screen flickered the way old films of this time tend to do so, but when one is watching a first-rate film – so-called â€Å"reality† hastily retracts its claws and retreats. One’s self is focused upon the unfolding cinematic experience. The radio tower on top of the world spoke to us in Morse-code. The action of the film cuts between the slow, repressed amble of a suave, sophisticated gentleman, around a railway station, with one those refined and genteel accents that appears in films of this time, and a woman frantically running through the foggy streets in pursuit of an unattainable goal – her, societally forbidden lover, the gentleman in the restroom. He drains his cup of tea, as the voice of the Noà «l Cowardesque announcer called out down the platform â€Å"The train for -, - and – is now arriving at Platform 3.† He, the gentleman, hearing this announcement, which after all was intended for his ears, and his alone, drains his cup again (an obvious, but, due to the high emotive tension of the film, often overlooked continuity error), grabs his mackintosh and fedora andShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis of Peter Coys The Great Recession: An Affair to Remember604 Words   |  2 PagesIn his article The Great Recession: An Affair to Remember, Peter Coy asserts two things. 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Outsourcing in Public Sector of Vanuatu- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theOutsourcing in Public Sector of Vanuatu. Answer: Thesis Statement- The advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing and contracting out are discussed in the essay. Introduction The islands of Vanuatu are a group of 80 islands located in the South Pacific Ocean. The island of Efate is the capital island of Vanuatu and it is the main economic center. The island was under British and French rule till the year 1980. Vanuatu has 6 provinces which are run by the two Municipalities and Councils of the government. The infrastructure of the islands is comprised of three international airports, national and municipal roads and the economy of the country has shown a steady growth from the year 2004 to 2009. Outsourcing and contracting out in the public sector plays an important role in the economic growth of the islands (Gobble 2013). Discussion The outsourcing in the public sector of Vanuatu can be understood from its National Policy Framework. Since its independence in the year of 1980, the government Vanuatu is playing a pivotal role on investing in several projects for services and development in the county. But the company could not be successful in its endeavors and thus the government adopted a National policy in the year 1991 to undergo national reform. The government has outsourced the development of infrastructure by adopting a Priority Action Agenda Policy since the year 1991. The Impact of Contracting Out and Outsourcing In The Public Sector Of Vanuatu Outsourcing encourages a competitive private sector to develop in the islands of Vanuatu. The level of requirements for subsidy for public utilities is minimized when the public sector contracts out. Outsourcing helps infrastructure and support services to be available to all industrial sectors of Vanuatu. The process of outsourcing makes all utilities and services in the island to meet quality standards and make them priced competitively. Outsourcing has been used for the development of ICT technology, roads, airports, ports and the master plan for infrastructure development has enabled seeking of financial assistance from Donors. Five reasons why Government opts for Outsourcing in the Public Sector in Vanuatu 1) Outsourcing in public sector in Vanuatu helps in the development of electricity sector in the islands. The urban areas in the island have access to electricity and only 27 % of the inhabitants of Vanuatu have access to electricity. Funds from international countries help in the development of wind, hydropower and geothermal power in Vanuatu. The public sector and government is committed to develop the electricity sector in Vanuatu and achieve the set targets by the year 2020 with a public-private partnership. Outsourcing helps in supply of electricity in Port Villa, Tanna, Luganville and East Malekula (Satterthwaite 2015). 2) In several parts of Port Vila and central areas of Mele, collection of solid wastes is outsourced by the public sector of Vanuatu. This responsibility of collection of solid wastes is outsourced to a private company by the public sector (Woodruff 2014). 3)The supply of water to Port Vila has been outsourced by the public sector of Vanuatu to a private company Unleco Vanuatu and the public sector has also outsourced the projects for development of the infrastructure of water to the islands of Vanuatu and Blacksands area(Poustie and Deletic 2014). 4) The market of telecommunication was open to competition by the amendment of Telecommunications Act of 2007.Digicel and Pacific Data Solutions are among the private Companies which provide telecommunication services in the islands of Vanuatu. Outsourcing and collaboration between public and private enterprises have led to the development of telecommunication sector in Vanuatu and has also made the services of telecommunication affordable for the inhabitants of Vanuatu. The advantage of outsourcing by public sector of Vanuatu is that since 2013, several projects of telecommunication was outsourced to the Global Symposium consultation of Warsaw and Poland. Till 2012, the services of the telecom sector were provided to islands of Vanuatu by France Telecom. Since the year 1992, after privatization of the telecom sector, France Telecom had exclusive license to provide and improve the telecom sector in the island of Vanuatu (Schniederjans, Schniederjans and Schniederjans 2015) 5) The outsourcing by the public sector of Vanuatu helps to improve the tourism sector. There has been development of an international airport which can accommodate aircraft from Asia and Europe. The Japanese government has given loan to government of Vanuatu for Ifira Port Development and Services (IPDS) and development of transportation networks. Outsourcing in public sector of Vanuatu helps to boost tourism which improves the Gross Domestic product (GDP) of the country (Cheer, Reeves and Laing 2013) Five disadvantages of outsourcing by public sector of Vanuatu 1) Outsourcing can lead to loss of private data and confidentiality. The public sector should intervene and manage sensitive data which can be lost due to outsourcing. 2)Operations of the outsourced projects cant be controlled by the public sector and outsourcing can lead to the delay of deliverables and public sector of Vanuatu will lose control of management of several functions of business in the outsourced projects often leading to mismanagement and projects may not be delivered on time (Dinu 2015). 3) The quality of the outsourced projects may not be satisfactory if the projects are outsourced by public sector of Vanuatu to Companies who are not experienced enough to handle outsourced activities and lack the technical know-how of the projects. 4) Outsourced vendors may be handling multiple projects simultaneously and this is a disadvantage of outsourcing by public sector of Vanuatu. Focus may be reduced from the project which the public sector has outsourced because vendors handle multiple projects at a time. The lack of focus on customers can make the outsourced project unattractive (Dolgui and Proth 2013). 5) Outsourcing by public sector of Vanuatu can often be associated with hidden costs which the public sector may not be completely aware of while singing the outsourced projects. Conclusion Though outsourcing by public sector of Vanuatu has several advantages like sharing of critical risks of the outsourced projects by the public sector with the vendor who takes responsibility of the project and outsourcing is often cost effective, still the public sector should be careful while choosing vendors. The disadvantages of outsourcing can be minimized if the projects are outsourced by public sector of Vanuatu to vendors who have the technical know-how and expertise to handle critical projects. Reference Lists Cheer, J.M., Reeves, K.J. and Laing, J.H., 2013. Tourism and traditional culture: Land diving in Vanuatu.Annals of Tourism Research,43, pp.435-455. Dinu, A.M., 2015. The risks and benefits of outsourcing.Knowledge Horizons. Economics,7(2), p.103. Dolgui, A. and Proth, J.M., 2013. Outsourcing: definitions and analysis.International Journal of Production Research,51(23-24), pp.6769-6777. Gobble, M.M., 2013. Outsourcing innovation.Research-Technology Management,56(4), pp.64-67. Poustie, M.S. and Deletic, A., 2014. Modeling integrated urban water systems in developing countries: case study of Port Vila, Vanuatu.Ambio,43(8), pp.1093-1111. Satterthwaite, K., 2015. Seafront upgrade in Port Vila, Vanuatu. InAustralasian Coasts Ports Conference 2015: 22nd Australasian Coastal and Ocean Engineering Conference and the 15th Australasian Port and Harbour Conference(p. 796). Engineers Australia and IPENZ. Schniederjans, M.J., Schniederjans, A.M. and Schniederjans, D.G., 2015.Outsourcing and insourcing in an international context. Routledge. Woodruff, A., 2014. Solid Waste Management in the Pacific: Institutional Arrangements.